康明斯电喷发动机ECM输出电控

康明斯Q系列电喷柴油发动机ECM输出电控

The Cummins Q series EFI diesel engine ECM output control

输出设备

Output device

ECM通过输入设备输入的参数，通过内部程序的计算，向各输出设备输出控制指令。由于电控柴油机燃油系统的多样性，各种不同的电控燃油系统，其所具有的执行元件各不相同。以系统昀主要的输出设备，实现喷油量和喷油正时控制的执行元件为例，中马力共轨系统通过喷油器来直接实现对喷油量和喷油正时的控制，而有些燃油系统通过单个电磁阀实现对所有 6个缸的控制。 康明斯电喷发动机ECM维修|康明斯电喷发动机ECM输出维修技术|康明斯电喷发动机ECM电控资料|康明斯电喷发动机ECM维修技术|康明斯电喷发动机ECM维修服务商

ECM entered through the input device parameters through calculation, internal procedures, to the output device output control command. As a result of electronically controlled diesel engine fuel system diversity, a variety of different electronic control fuel system, the executive components vary. The system finally main output device, realize the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control actuator for example, medium horsepower common rail system through the fuel injectors to directly realize the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control, and some fuel system by a single solenoid valve to achieve all 6cylinder control.

电磁阀

Electromagnetic valve

电控系统中昀主要的执行元件为电磁阀。根据电磁阀工作方式的不同，可以分为常开/常闭型（ON/OFF）和脉宽调制型（PWM）。

Electric control system for main Yun actuator solenoid valve. According to the electromagnetic valve means is different, can be divided into a normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) and pulse width modulation ( PWM ).

常开/常闭型（ON/OFF）电磁阀接受来自 ECM的控制信号，其只有两个开启状态，全开或者全闭。所以通常控制这种电磁阀的信号为一个常压信号。典型的常开/常闭型（ON/OFF）电磁阀有燃油切断阀、四级废气旁通门执行器等。

Normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) electromagnetic valve to receive from the ECM control signal, its only two open, fully open or fully closed. So usually control the electromagnetic valve for a pressure signal signal. Typical of the normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) electromagnetic valve fuel shut-off valve, four stage exhaust bypass door actuator.

脉宽调制型（PWM）执行器其开度可根据控制信号的不同实现连续的变化，所以这种执行器能实现更灵活的控制。如中马力共轨系统中的燃油计量阀，可以实现对低压燃油流量的精确控制。

Pulse width modulation ( PWM ) actuator the opening degree can be controlled according to the signals of different realization of continuous change, so that the actuator can achieve a more flexible control. Such as HP common rail system and fuel metering valve, can realize the precise control of low pressure fuel flow.

脉宽调制型（PWM）执行器是通过脉宽调制信号来实现开度连续控制的。脉冲信号是一个频率不变的信号，通过改变脉冲（高电平）宽度（0-100%之间变化），执行器即可实现相对应的开度变化。 继电器

Pulse width modulation ( PWM ) actuator is through the pulse width modulation signal to realize the open degree continuous control. The pulse signal is a frequency signal, by changing the pulse width ( high level ) (0-100% changes ), the actuator can realize the corresponding opening change. Relay

继电器在电控系统中也被用作输出设备，用于实现小电流对大电流的控制，或者一个电路对多个电路的控制。典型的如下右图所示的格栅加热器控制电路。由于格栅加热器的工作电流很大，无法直接在 ECM内通过，ECM通过控制一个继电器来控制格栅加热器的工作。ECM对继电器的控制电流昀大可以达到 2安培。

Relay in the electronic control system is also used as an output device, used to achieve a small current on current control, or a circuit on a circuit control. Typical as shown on the right of the grid heater control circuit. Because grid heater working current is too big, not directly in the ECM by ECM, through the control of a relay to control the grid heater work. ECM to relay control current Yun can reach 2 ampere.

指示灯

Indicator lamp

指示灯是 ECM向操作者输出指示信号的输出设备。这些指示信号包括故障信号、停机警告信号、等待启动信号和保养提醒信号等等。不同的机型指示灯的设置有所不同，下图所示为 ISBe发动机指示灯的电路图。 ISBe指示灯布置

Indicating lamp is ECM operator to output signals indicative of the output device. These instructions signal comprises a fault signal, stop warning signal, waiting for the start signal and the maintenance reminding signal etc.. The different types of lights settings vary, shown in figure ISBe engine indicator diagram. ISBe lamp arrangement

在各种指示灯中，故障警告灯和停机灯是所有机型都配备的，也是系统昀重要的两个指示灯。由于指示灯是OEM（主机厂）负责安装的，因此各主机厂采用的指示灯图案有所不同，具体请参考主机厂的设备使用指导。下图是故障警告灯和停机灯的一个实例。

In a variety of lights, fault warning lamp and the stop lamps are all models are equipped with the system, but also most important two indicator lights. The indicator is OEM ( OEM ) is responsible for the installation, so the host plant using light patterns vary, please refer to the specific host plant equipment use guidance. The fault warning lamp and the stop lamp is an example.

电控发动机控制系统能显示和记录一些运行故障，并将这些故障以故障代码的形式来表示，这些故障代码会使故障分析变得容易些。故障代码记录在 ECM中，利用仪表板上的故障指示灯或 INSITE服务软件，可以读取这些故障代码。需要特别指出的是并非所有的发动机控制系统故障都会以故障代码的形式表示出来。

Electronic engine control system can display and record some fault, and the fault to the fault code form to said, these fault code can make fault analysis easier. Fault code is recorded in ECM, using the instrument panel fault indicator or INSITE service software, can read the fault code. It must be pointed out that not all of the engine control system fault can be expressed in the form of fault code.

根据故障的严重程度，用两种不同颜色的故障指示灯加以区别。

According to the fault degree, using two different colors to distinguish the fault indicator.

“WARNING”警告指示灯是黄色的，当这个故障灯亮起时，表明需要尽快排除故障。

" WARNING" warning indicator light is yellow, while the fault warning light comes on, indicate a need as soon as possible troubleshooting.

“STOP”发动机停机指示灯是红色的，当这个故障灯亮起时，表明需要尽快使发动机安全停机，并及时排除故障。在故障排除以前，不允许启动发动机。

" STOP" engine shutdown indicator light is red, when the fault warning light comes on, indicate a need as soon as possible so that engine safety shutdown, and timely troubleshooting. In the troubleshooting before, do not allow to start the engine.

要检查是否存在现行的故障代码，应将钥匙开关转到“ OFF”断开位置，并将诊断开关转到“ ON”位置，再将钥匙开关转到“ON”接通位置。如果未记录现行故障代码，“警告”指示灯和“停机”指示灯同时亮起，而且一直亮。如果记录了现行故障代码，“警告”指示灯和“停机”指示灯均会在瞬间变亮，然后开始闪烁所记录的故障代码。故障代码按下列顺序进行闪烁：黄色“警告”指示灯亮一下，然后有 1至 2秒钟的暂停。接着红色“停机”指示灯闪烁出故障代码，在每个数字之间会有 1至 2秒钟的暂停。当红色指示灯闪烁完故障代码之后，黄色警告灯再次闪亮，然后，红灯再次重复闪烁故障号码。

To check whether the existing fault code, should be the key switch to the" OFF" disconnected position, and the diagnosis of switch to " ON" position, then the key switch to the" ON" on position. If no record of current fault code," warning" and" stop" indicating lamp indicator lamp lights at the same time, and always bright. If the record of the current fault code," warning" and" stop" indicating lamp indicator lamp are in momentarily brighter, then begin to flicker records fault code. Fault codes according to the following order:" warning" flashing yellow light, then there are 1to 2second pause. Then the red" stop" lights out fault code, in between each number will have 1to 2second pause. When the red indicator light flashes through fault code, yellow warning lamp is shining again, and then repeat, red light flashing fault number.

要想察看下一个故障代码，可将“怠速调节开关向“（+）”位置扳动一下。要想察看上一个故障代码，只要将“怠速调节开关”向（ -）”位置扳动一下。如果只记录了一个现行故障代码，则无论扳动到“（+）”的位置或（-）”的位置，故障灯都将持续地显示同一个故障代码。

Want to check a fault code, can be " idle speed regulating switch to" ( + )" position of the. To examine a fault code, as long as the " idle speed regulating switch" to" the position of ( - ). If the only records of a current fault code, regardless of the" ( + )" position or ( - )" position, fault lamp will continue to display the same fault code.

当不使用诊断系统时，应断开诊断开关。如果诊断开关未断开，ECM将不会记录某些故障代码。由于不同的主机厂在故障灯和诊断开关的布置上会有所不同，在此操作前请详细阅读主机厂提供的设备操作和保养手册。

When not using a diagnostic system, should disconnect the diagnostic switch. If the diagnosis is not disconnect switch, ECM will not record certain fault code. Because of the differences in the host plant in the fault lamp and diagnostic switch arrangement would be different for this operation, please read carefully before the host plant to provide the equipment operation and maintenance manual.

有些车辆上还装有“等待起动”（WTS）指示灯。冬季起动时，在钥匙开关接通后的预热期间，“等待起动”指示灯会亮起。为缩短冬季起动时间，在“等待起动”指示灯熄灭前不得起动发动机。

Some vehicles is also provided with a" waiting to start" ( WTS ) indicating lamp. Starting in the winter, the key switch is turned on during the preheating," wait for instructions starting" exhibit of lanterns lit. In order to shorten starting time in winter," waiting for the starting of" indicator lamp engine must not be started.

“燃油中有水”（WIF）指示灯表明发动机油水分离器中的水需要排出。只要该指示灯闪亮，就要尽快进行排水。有些 OEM将“保养”指示灯和“燃油中有水“（WIF）指示灯的功能综合在一起。在这种情况下，除了其它保养指示器外，保养指示灯还会显示“燃油中有水”（WIF）警告。

" The fuel in the water" ( WIF ) indicating lamp indicates engine oil-water separator water needs to be discharged. As long as the lights flashing, as soon as possible for drainage. Some OEM will" maintenance" and" indicating lamp fuel in the water" ( WIF ) indicator function together. In this case, in addition to other maintenance indicator, maintenance indicator will show" fuel in the water" ( WIF ) warning.