MTU柴油机的新型燃油喷射系统

柴油机由于具有经济性和动力性好、热效率高、油喷射电子控制技术在国际上应运而生。耐久性优良和 CO₂排放量低等优点，使之作为主要动柴油机喷油系统电控技术发展经历了 3个阶段：力装置，广泛用于铁路机车、船舶主机和辅机以及工时间控制阶段、压力控制阶段和压力-时间综合控制程机械等多个机械工程领域，但其发展受到了 NO_X阶段，目前正处于第三阶段的发展和成熟期。

一个理和颗粒排放高、振动噪声大等排放和环保因素的挑想的燃油喷射系统应具有以下性能：较高的、灵活战。因此，目前船舶柴油机的研究开发工作重点是针可调的平均有效喷射压力 pjin（100MPa以上）；低的初对提高发动机的可靠性、降低燃油和润滑油的消耗量期喷油速率或预喷射功能；灵活的喷油定时控制；快以及提高排放控制的灵活性，其中废气排放作为一速停油功能；完善的柴油机电控功能；与整机匹配灵个重要指标越来越受到重视。MTU柴油机维修|MTU柴油机燃油喷射系统维修技术|MTU柴油机的新型燃油喷射系统资料|MTU柴油机的新型燃油喷射系统维修服务商降低柴油机排放等环活。因为高的平均有效喷射压力对于同时降低 NOX保指标的主要对策是改善燃烧，降低最高燃烧温和颗粒排放十分有效；灵活可调的喷射压力喷度。而改善燃烧的关键因素是提高燃油喷射质量，油规律可控及喷油定时的灵活控制可使燃油喷射过而燃油喷射质量是由燃油喷射系统所控制。因此，燃程在所有工况范围内满足燃烧的需要。因此，实现以上柔性控制是燃油喷射系统发展的必然趋势。德国 MTU发动机公司研制的新型燃油喷射系统，已用于其最新开发的 2000、4000、8000系列柴油机。

这 3种系列柴油机是从 1996年起，由德国 MTU发动机公司和美国 DDC（底特律柴油机）公司先后联合设计开发的，目前大量用于大型船舶的主动力装置。其设计思想是最大限度地提高可靠性、维修方便性和经济性。对于燃油喷射系统，2000系列上应用的是由电磁阀控制的单泵燃油电子喷射系统， 4000系列采用的是 2000系列基础上开发的共轨式电子喷射系统，而 8000系列所用的共轨式电子喷射系统又是在 4000系列基础上改进的。这种新型燃油电子喷射系统，将喷油量和喷油时间的控制融为一体，使燃油的升压机构独立，即燃油压力与柴油机转速、负荷无关，把控制燃油喷射压力、喷油量、喷油时间等参数直接由装在各个气缸上喷油器的高速开关电磁阀来控制，可使柴油机在全负荷范围内实现喷油规律、喷油压力等的最优控制，改善了柴油机在各种工况下的燃烧，提高了柴油机的整体性能。

MTU diesel engines new fuel injection system
1 Overview
The oil injection system is the key factor of the diesel combustion process, diesel economy and power, as well as lower emissions and other indicators burning
Diesel economy and power, high thermal efficiency, oil injection electronic control technology came into being in the international arena. Excellent durability and CO2 emissions are low, as the main drivers of diesel fuel injection system electronic control technology development has gone through three stages: the power plant, widely used in railway locomotives, marine main engine and auxiliary equipment as well as work time control stage, pressure control more than one field of mechanical engineering stage and the pressure - time control of process machinery, but by the NOX stage in its development, is currently in Phase III development and maturity. A reasonable and high particulate emissions, noise and vibration emissions and environmental factors to pick think fuel injection system should have the following performance: high, flexible war. Therefore, the current marine diesel engine research and development focus is pin adjustable average effective injection pressure pjin (100MPa or more); low early on to increase engine reliability and reduce the injection rate of consumption of fuel and lubricants, or pre-injection function; flexible injection timing control; faster and increase the flexibility of emission control, emission stop the oil functions as a speed; improve the diesel engine electronic control functions; match with the whole spirit an important indicator of an increasing attention. Reduce diesel emissions and other ring live. High average effective injection pressure while reducing the NOX security indicators countermeasures to improve combustion and reduce the maximum combustion temperature and particulate emissions is very effective; adjustable spray pressure spray degrees. A key factor to improve the combustion is to improve the quality of fuel injection, oil law controlled and injection timing flexible control allows the fuel injection and the quality of fuel injection is controlled by the fuel injection system. Therefore, the combustion process in all the range of operating conditions to meet the needs of the burning. Therefore, to achieve more flexible control is the inevitable trend of development of the fuel injection system. German MTU engine developed new fuel injection system has been used in the latest development of the 2000,4000,8000 series diesel engines.
These three series diesel engine from 1996, by German MTU engine DDC (Detroit Diesel) and the U.S. company has joint design and development, currently used extensively for large vessels of the power plant. The idea is to maximize the reliability, easy maintenance and economy. Fuel injection system, the applications on the 2000 series is a single pump controlled by a solenoid valve fuel electronic injection system, 4000 series 2000 series developed on the basis of common-rail electronic injection system, while the 8000 Series Common Rail electronic The injection system is improved in the 4000 series based on. This new type of fuel electronic injection system, fuel injection quantity and injection timing control integration, so that the fuel boost body independent of the fuel pressure and the engine speed, load independent, to control fuel injection pressure, injection volume, injection timing and other parameters directly installed in the injector in each cylinder Solenoid Valve control, allows fuel injection diesel engine at full load within the law, injection pressure, optimal control and improved diesel engines in various the burning of the kinds of conditions, to improve the overall performance of diesel engines.
2 MTU diesel engine fuel injection system features