英国珀金斯、沃尔沃、mtu、康明斯等常用的柴油发动机上有哪些传感器与功能的介绍
What are the functions of sensor and British Perkins, Volvo, MTU, Cummings and other commonly used on diesel engine is introduced
一:柴油发动机传感器的基础介绍
电控柴油发动机上的传感器可谓五花八门,其中传感器类型大致分为压力传感器、温度传感器、速度与位置传感器这三类,细分类型大约有十余种。
A: Diesel Engine introduced based sensor
The sensor is making electronic control on diesel engine of a wide variety, including sensor type can be divided into pressure sensor, temperature sensor, speed and position sensor three, there are about more than ten kinds of subdivision type.
如图为博世电控高压共轨结构图
这其中包括:机油压力和温度传感器、温度传感器、进气温度传感器、冷却液温度传感器、燃油压力和温度传感器、发动机转速传感器、发动机位置传感器、凸轮轴位置传感器、曲轴位置传感器等十余种传感器。而下面所要介绍的是大多电控柴油机所必备传感器。
Figure for Bosch electronically controlled high pressure common rail structure diagram
Making including: oil pressure and temperature sensor, temperature sensor, intake air temperature
sensor, coolant temperature sensor, oil pressure and temperature sensor, engine speed sensor, engine position
sensor, camshaft position sensor, crankshaft position sensor and other more than ten kinds of sensors. Which of the following will introduce electronic controlled diesel engine is most necessary for sensor.
二:曲轴转速传感器Two: crankshaft speed sensor
以上图为电控系列发动机的传感器
结构:磁脉冲式
功用:转速传感器采集柴油机转速信号以便ECU计算循环供油量,还可提供曲轴位置信号以便ECU对喷油正时作出准确控制;辅助转速传感器用来作为转速信号计算曲轴转角的信号,进行判缸。
安装位置:飞轮壳上与供给泵上
三:凸轮轴位置传感器
结构:以磁绕组方式
功用:凸轮轴每转一圈向ECU提供一个信号,ECU据此确定那个气缸的活塞处于压缩行程上止点。
安装位置:在凸轮轴前端
Above the sensor electronic control engine series
Structure: magnetic pulse
Making making function: the speed sensor to collect the signal of the diesel engine speed to ECU fuel cycle, can also provide the crankshaft position signal
to ECU on the fuel injection timing to make accurate
control; auxiliary speed sensor is used to signal as the rotational speed signal calculation of crankshaft angle, were sentenced to cylinder.
Making making installation location: flywheel shell and supply pump
Three: the camshaft position sensor
Structure: magnetic winding
Making making function: the camshaft rotates one circle to ECU provides a signal, the ECU determines that the cylinder piston at TDC on the compression stroke.
Making making installation location: in front of the cam shaft
四:共轨压力传感器
Four: common rail pressure sensor
结构:压阻式高压传感器,最高频率在1KHz,测量范围在0-200Mpa
功用:实时测定共轨管中的实际压力信号并反馈给ECU,增减调节油压
安装位置:共轨管上
五:冷却液传感器
Structure: the piezoresistive pressure sensor, the highest frequency in 1KHz, measured in the range of 0-200Mpa
Making making functions: real-time measurement of the actual pressure signal common rail tube and feedback to the ECU, or adjust the oil pressure
Making making installation location: common rail pipe
Five: the coolant sensor
结构:负温度细数的热敏电阻,其使用范围为40-130°C
功用:主要用于测量发动机冷却的温度,从而进一步精确控制燃油喷射量
安装位置:在节温体上。
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor, the use range of 40-130 ° C
Making making function: it is mainly used for the measurement of engine cooling temperature, thus further precise control of fuel injection quantity
Making making installation location: on the thermostat body
六:进气压力传感器
Six: the inlet pressure sensor
结构:半导体压敏电阻式压力传感体
功用:计算空气量,用来控制空燃比和负温度细数的热敏电阻,从而进一步精确控制燃油喷射量。
安装位置:安装在进气歧管
Structure: semiconductor piezoresistance type pressure sensor body
Making making function: the calculation of air volume, used to control the thermal resistor air-fuel ratio and negative temperature breakdown, thus further precise control of fuel injection quantity.
Making making installation: installed in the intake manifold
七: 燃油温度传感器
Seven: fuel temperature sensor
结构:负温度细数的热敏电阻,其使用范围为﹣40-130°C。
功用:用于向发动机控制单元提供燃油温度信号,一般设置在第二级燃油滤清器盖内。发动机控制单元根据燃油的温度变化对喷油量进行修正,因为燃油随温度升高而膨胀变得密度变小。位置: 在主油管上
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor, the scope for the use of 40-130 ° C.
Making making function: used to provide fuel temperature signal to the engine control unit, usually set at a second grade oil filter cover. The engine control unit
was used to modify the fuel quantity according to the fuel temperature
changes, because the fuel temperature and expansion become density becomes small.
Making making position: in the main pipe
八:机油温度传感器
Eight: the oil temperature sensor
结构:负温度细数的热敏电阻
功用:用于向发动机控制单元提供发动机的机油温度,特别是在寒冷气温状态下。
位置:主机油管上
九:结后语
伴随着电喷柴油机的普及,电控系统在柴油发动机上作用越来越广。而作为发动机“耳朵”的传感器们更是遍布在发动机上的每一个细节,时时刻刻监测其工作中的状态。所以,在日常生活中不要因为它们的小不起眼而忽视它们的重要作用。
Structure: the breakdown of the negative temperature thermistor
Making making functions: to provide the engine oil temperature to the engine control unit, especially in the cold weather condition.
Making making position: the host pipe
Nine: after the words
Making along with popularization of EFI engine, electronic control system in the diesel engine is more and more widely. As the sensor are
engine "ears" is every detail throughout the engine, constantly monitoring the working state of the. So, don't in daily life because of their humble and ignore the important role of their.