康明斯发动机活塞环口怎么对？发动机无力，油耗高怎么处理? 高温，怎么处理，哪里出了问题？

康明斯发动机活塞环口怎么对？发动机无力，油耗高怎么处理? 高温，怎么处理，哪里出了问题？

Cummings engine piston rings are how to? Motor weakness, high temperature, high fuel consumption and how to deal with? How to deal with, where is the problem?

第一道环的开口不能向发动机的左侧，因为“做功行程”时活塞左边受到很大的力；三道活塞环的开口部能在同一个方向，三道环的开口最好是分别相对120度，即第二道环安装时开口与第一道相对120度，第三道环的开口与第一环和第二环都相对120度。

The first ring opening can not be to the left side of the engine, because the "power stroke" left by a large force of piston; the three opening of the piston ring in the same direction, the three ring opening is best is respectively 120 degrees, namely the second ring installation opening and the first phase of 120 degrees the third ring, and the opening of the first and second rings are relative degree 120.

康明斯无力的原因:

The reason Cummings is unable to:

一.供油系统的故障:1.供油系统漏油或轻微堵塞(油管.空心罗丝.柴油滤蕊堵塞).2.喷油泵.喷油器喷油不均,雾化不良或少缸喷油.3.供油提前角不对

A fuel supply system. Fault: 1 oil supply system leakage or minor blockage (tubing. Hollow rose. Diesel filter core blockage).2. fuel injection pump, injector is uneven, atomization adverse or less cylinder fuel injection.3. fuel supply advance angle

二.压缩压力不足:1.进,排(排气阀未打开)气管堵塞.2.气门间隙不当或气门(气缸垫)漏气.3.缸套,活塞(环)磨损,胶结,断裂.4.真空度不足

Two. Insufficient pressure: 1, row (exhaust valve does not open) trachea blocked.2. valve clearance or improper valve (gasket) leakage.3. cylinder, piston (ring) wear, cementation, fracture.4. of low vacuum

康明斯高温

Cummings temperature

1 水是否洁净；

1 whether the water clean;

2 副水箱.水管：是否有积累的赃物，是否有破裂的现象，水管是否有折弯的现象；

The 2 auxiliary water tank. Water: whether there is accumulation of stolen goods, whether the rupture phenomenon, whether there is the phenomenon of pipe bending;

3 水温器：有没有跟换水温器，需要时或要时有没有预备；

3 water temperature: have nothing to do with the change of water temperature regulator, need to have or not ready;

4 水箱：是否通畅，是否良好；

4 water tank: whether unobstructed, is good;

5 水 ：是否减少；

5: whether to reduce the water;

康明斯发动机怠速时冒很多白烟,该怎么处理? 有负载时大量冒黑烟的原因及处理？电喷柴油车.冒黑烟.什么原因？

When the engine is idling Cummings take a lot of white smoke, how should handle? Take the cause and treatment of black smoke a lot of load? EFI diesel. Black smoke. What reason?

可能故障原因有：一喷油时间过迟或各缸喷油间隔角不一；二喷油有滴漏，雾化不好，喷油压力低，使燃油未完全燃烧排出；

Possible fault causes are: a fuel injection time too late or cylinder injection interval angle is not a; two injection drip, atomization is not good, so that the fuel injection pressure is low, incomplete combustion exhaust;

1：进气不通畅 处理：检查进气道是否损坏或阻塞。

1: the intake is not smooth processing: check whether the damaged or blocked the inlet.

2：排气背压太高 处理：在有负载的情况下，检查并校正排气背压

2: the exhaust back pressure too high: in the case of a load, check and correct the exhaust back pressure

3：在气候炎热或海拔高的地区，空气稀薄 处理：气候条件对柴油机有影响，空气稀薄进应减少负载

3: in a hot climate and high altitudes, the air is thin processing: the weather condition influence on diesel engine, the thin air inlet should reduce the load

4：涡轮增压器压缩机脏污 处理：清洗或更换增压器，检查增压器中有无污

4: the turbocharger compressor contamination treatment: clean or replace turbocharger, inspect supercharger has no pollution

5：泄放阀堵塞 处理：清洗或更换泄放阀

5: relief valve jam treatment: clean or replace the relief valve

6：燃油质量低劣 处理：使用质量符合标准的柴油

6: the poor quality of fuel processing: the use of quality standards in line with the diesel

7：输油管道受阻 处理：输油管道中有异物或管道损坏，清理修复

7: pipeline is blocked in the pipeline processing: a foreign body or pipeline damage, cleaning and repairing

8：喷油器喷油孔堵塞 处理：检查喷油器，清洗并调整

8: injector Kong Dusai processing: check the fuel injector, cleaning and adjustment

9：后冷却器堵塞（空气端） 处理：检查后冷却器通向交换器出口处。清除后冷却器的污物和油泥

9: after cooler jam (air side): check after cooler outlet to the exchanger. Dirt and oil cooler after clearance

10：喷油器喷油室的尺寸不对 处理：调校检查

10: the wrong size processing injector chamber: calibration check

11：喷油器喷油室破裂 处理：拆下喷油器和喷油室。更换破裂的喷油室。调校喷油器

11: the injector chamber rupture processing: remove the injector and injection room. Replace cracked injection room. Adjustable injector

12：油泵校准不正确 处理：重新调校

12: Pump incorrect calibration processing: re adjustment

13：喷油器流量不正确 处理：检查喷油器的O型密封环，喷油室、柱塞滤网和喷油器流量，更换损坏的部件，重新调校

13: the injector flow does not correctly handle: O type check the fuel injector sealing ring, injection chamber, piston and injector flow filter, replacement of damaged parts, re adjustment

14：密封垫漏气 处理：检查环是否磨损，通气管是否破裂，或通气阀是否损坏。

14: seal leakage treatment: check whether the wear ring, vent pipe is broken, or the vent valve is damaged.

15：气门漏气或调整不正确 处理：拆下排气歧管，再检查柴油机的噪音。拆下气缸盖，修理气门。重新调整气门

15: valve leakage or adjust the incorrect processing: remove exhaust manifold, then check the diesel engine noise. Remove cylinder head, repair valve. Re adjustment of valve

16：活塞环断裂或磨损 处理：拆下排气歧管，找出破损的活塞环，修理更换

16: processing or wear of piston ring fracture: remove exhaust manifold, find out the piston ring damage, repair and replacement

17：柴油机应进行大修 处理：检查柴油机运行的里程数和工作小时数，及时大修

17: diesel engine overhaul processing: check the diesel engine running mileage and the number of hours worked, timely repair

18：气门和喷油正时不正确 处理：重新调整气门正时和喷油正时

18: valve and fuel injection timing is incorrect processing: to re adjust the valve timing and injection timing

19：喷油器需要调整 处理：进行必要的调节

19: injector need adjustments: adjustments

电喷柴油车.冒黑烟.什么原因：如果急加油冒点黑烟很正常`进气少，燃烧不完全，再就是正时的问题，不过这个情况少见`基本上一般的柴油车冒黑烟都是属于正常现象，尤其是老车`新车还能强一些

EFI diesel. Black smoke. What reason: if emergency refueling take black smoke is normal, intake less, incomplete combustion, then that is when the problem, but this situation rarely, basically general diesel black smoke is a normal phenomenon, especially the old car, new car also stronger

柴油发动机水温过低对发动机有什么影响？

Diesel engine water temperature is too low, what is the impact on the engine?

传统的发动机的最佳工作温度是80-90度，电喷发动机的最佳工作温度略高于传统发动机，通常为88-95度，甚至可高达103度。保持正常的工作温度对发动机的运转极为贡要。如果发动机的工作温度过低，一方面会使燃烧气体的热量散失过多，发动机热效率下降;另一方面会使气缸内的部分可燃混合气在气缸壁上凝结并流到油底壳内，不仅增加了燃油消耗，还会使机油变稀而影响润滑，造成发动机磨损加剧;此外，电喷发动机的控制系统在发动机工作温度较低时会增加喷油量，也使发动机的油耗增大。

The optimal working temperature of traditional engine is 80-90 degrees, the optimum temperature is slightly higher than that of the traditional engine EFI engine, usually 88-95 degrees, even up to 103 degrees. Maintain the normal working temperature on the operation of the engine is very important. If the temperature is too low, the engine, on the one hand that the combustion gas excessive heat dissipation, descent engine thermal efficiency; on the other hand will make part of the cylinder of the combustible mixture in the cylinder wall condensation and flows to a sump, not only increase fuel consumption, but also make the oil thinning and influence of lubrication the engine, causing increased wear; in addition, the control system of the EFI engine fuel injection will increase the volume in the engine operating temperature is low, the oil consumption of the engine.

1增加机械损失。冷却水温度过低，从而润滑油温度随之降低，其流动性变差，不仅增加零件磨损，而且由于摩擦阻力增大，使机械损失增加。

1 increases the mechanical loss. The cooling water temperature is too low, so the lubricating oil temperature decreases, its liquidity, not only increase the wear parts, but also because of the friction resistance increases, the mechanical loss increased.

2造成缸壁腐蚀。气缸温度过低，气缸内的水蒸气易凝结于缸壁上。柴油燃烧时生成的一些燃烧产物(如二氧化硫)遇到冷凝的缸壁上的水，缸壁就会形成强烈的腐蚀剂(亚硫酸、硫酸)黏附在缸壁上。缸壁从而受到强烈的腐蚀，使表面金属组织疏松。当气缸套与活塞环相互摩擦刮削时，使金属表面层脱落，或在缸套工作面出现蚀点、凹坑。

2 the wall corrosion. Cylinder temperature is too low, the cylinder water vapor condenses on the wall. Some products of combustion diesel combustion generated (such as sulfur dioxide) wall met condensation on the water, the cylinder will form the corrosive strong (sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid) attached to the wall. Wall which subjected to intense corrosion, so that the surface of metal porous structure. When the cylinder sleeve and piston ring friction during scraping, the metal surface layer off, or corrosion, pit in cylinder working surface.

3热损失增加。柴油机在低温下工作，冷却水带走气缸内大量热能，使热损失增加；由于燃油在气缸内燃烧不完全，不仅会

3 the increase in heat loss. Diesel engine operating at low temperature, cooling water to take away a lot of heat in the cylinder, the heat loss increases; because the fuel combustion in the cylinder is not completely, not only will

康明斯柴油机水箱和机油中进柴油的故障原因分析

Analysis of Cummins diesel engine water tank and oil into diesel fault

康明斯柴油机停止工作时有柴油从水箱溢流孔流出，当打开水箱盖时有10L左右的柴油流出；柴油机工作过程中油底壳中油面不断上升，机油黏度下降，压力降低，几乎一个星期就要更换一次机油；柴油机水温偏高；工作无力。

Cummins diesel engine to stop working when the diesel flow out from the water tank overflow hole, when the water tank cover is opened about 10L diesel out; working process of diesel engine oil sump oil rising, oil viscosity decreases, pressure drop, to be replaced once a oil for almost a week of diesel engine; high temperature; unable to work.

分析认为，产生此故障的原因有：

The analysis thinks, cause of this failure:

⑴气缸盖有气孔或裂纹。康明斯柴油机的PT燃油泵式燃油供给系统中，其柴油道在缸盖上，缸盖上既有机油道和水道，又有柴油道。工作时，缸盖上柴油道中柴油压力为0.8～1.2MPa，水的压力小于0.6MPa，柴油压力高于水的压力，一旦缸盖上出现气孔、砂眼或裂纹，会使水道和柴油道相通，则柴油就会进入水道中。

The cylinder cover with air holes or cracks. PT fuel pump fuel system of Cummins diesel engine, the diesel engine cylinder head cylinder head on, both organic oil channel and channel, and diesel road. When working, the cylinder head of diesel oil in the pressure of 0.8 ~ 1.2MPa, the water pressure is less than 0.6MPa, diesel oil pressure is higher than the pressure of the water, once the holes, sand holes or cracks on the cylinder head, the waterway and diesel road interlinked, diesel will enter.

⑵密封失效或机构有故障。如，PT泵主轴油封失效，柴油由此进入正时齿轮箱后到达油底壳；PT泵上柴油出口处的断油阀关闭不严，柴油机虽已停机，但由于柴油箱位置较高，柴油仍可循着下列路线进入油底壳：油箱→油管→PT齿轮泵→断油阀（关闭不严时）→油管→喷油器（处于回油和量油行程的喷油器，其油嘴腔中的柴油和柴油箱相通，在大气压力的作用下柴油通过喷孔滴入燃烧室）→燃烧室→油底壳；喷油器孔过大、损伤或喷油器上下两道O形密封圈损坏时，柴油都会进入燃烧室，继而渗进油底壳；PT燃油系统的回油歧管上的单向阀失效时，柴油会通过它流到喷油器后渗进油底壳平；柴油箱出口处安有一个手动截止阀，如果阀芯损坏、关闭不严，柴油也会流进燃烧室，进入油底壳；某个气缸压力太低，造成该缸不工作，使柴油流进油底壳；柴油机进气不足，燃烧不安全，柴油会沿着缸壁流进油底壳。

The seal failure or faulty. For example, PT pump main shaft oil seal failure, diesel entered the timing gear box after the arrival of the oil pan; oil cut-off valve closure lax diesel outlet PT pump, diesel engine has been shut down, but because the fuel tank position is higher, diesel still follow the following route into the oil sump oil tank, oil pipe, off: PT gear pump and valve (closed), tubing, fuel injector (in the injector, oil and oil stroke diesel and diesel nozzle is communicated with the cavity of the box, under the atmospheric pressure through the nozzle hole diesel drops into the combustion chamber), the combustion chamber, oil bottom shell; injection oil hole is too large, damage or injector two road O sealing ring is damaged, the diesel will into the combustion chamber, and then into the oil pan; failure of unidirectional valve manifold on the back of the PT fuel system, diesel oil can flow into the injector into the oil pan after flat through it; export at the diesel tank is provided with a manual valve, if the spool is damaged, not tightly closed, diesel will flow into the combustion chamber, into the oil pan; a cylinder pressure is too low, causing the cylinder does not work, the diesel oil into the oil sump; diesel engine intake is insufficient, the combustion is not safe, along the cylinder of diesel engine wall flow Into the oil pan.

拆检柴油机时发现，第Ⅱ缸和第Ⅴ缸的喷油器周围有许多砂眼，由于发动机工作时柴油压力大于水的压力，水不能往喷油器周围的柴油道中流，因此柴油就进入了水箱；Ⅱ缸喷油器推杆的顶部碎了和V缸喷油器的推杆弯了，致使Ⅱ、Ⅴ缸喷油器推杆的升程改变，不能准确地供油，导致柴油不能完全燃烧而流到油底壳中；另外，将PT泵断油阀上的出油管拆下后，发现仍有柴油从断油阀口流出。清洗阀芯后柴油不再渗出；同时，更换了新的缸盖和推杆后，故障现象消除。

Discovery of dismantling the engine, there are a lot of sand holes around the injector cylinder and cylinder II V, because when the engine is operating diesel oil pressure is greater than the pressure of the water, the water not to flow around the injector of diesel, diesel, therefore enters the water tank; the push rod at the top of cylinder injector push rod broken and V cylinder injector bent, which change the lift II, V cylinder injector push rod, can not accurately supply, causing diesel cannot complete combustion and flow to the oil pan; in addition, the PT pump shutoff valve on the outlet pipe is removed, found that there are still diesel flow from the oil cut-off valve port. After the cleaning valve diesel no exudation; at the same time, the replacement of the new cylinder head and the push rod, fault elimination.

柴油发动机发电机排气管喷油是怎么回事？

Diesel engine generator exhaust pipe injection is how to return a responsibility?

首先要判断一下喷的是柴油（柴油高温后跟机油很像）还是机油，还是水，水在这种情况根油很像。首先应该看看机油少了没有，如果机油在减少，再看看下排气大不大，如果下排气大有可能是气缸套，或者活塞环出现了问题，如果没有下排气，柴油机上有增压器，检查一下增压器的间隙是否过大了。如果增压器没问题有可能是气门油封老化了。

The first to judge the spray of diesel (diesel oil is high heels like) or oil, or the water, the water in the root oil like. Should first have a look oil no less, if the oil in the reduction, and then have a look under the exhaust is not big, if lower exhaust may be the cylinder liner piston ring, or problems, if there is no exhaust, a turbocharger diesel engine, check the gap at the turbocharger is too large. If the turbocharger is no problem may be the valve seal aging.

机油没少，应该断缸看看各缸掉转是否一样，掉转少的那个缸喷油器有问题。如果是水一般是气缸盖有裂纹或者沙眼。还有可能是气缸套裂纹。

Oil less, should have a look around the broken cylinder cylinder is less, turned the cylinder injector has a problem. If the water is generally cylinder head crack or trachoma. There may be the cylinder liner crack.

1、喷柴油：是针阀压紧弹簧断了！

1, diesel: is a needle valve spring break!

2、喷机油：是油环断了

2, spray oil: oil ring off

3、喷水：是铜套裂了

3, spray: copper sleeve crack